{"id":171,"date":"2024-03-27T07:05:21","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T07:05:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/?p=171"},"modified":"2024-03-27T07:45:44","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T07:45:44","slug":"ginger-cell-signaling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/27\/ginger-cell-signaling\/","title":{"rendered":"Mapping Health: Ginger Cell Signaling Pathways"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, has gained significant attention in scientific research for its potential health benefits. Packed with bioactive compounds, ginger has been found to possess a range of pharmacological activities, making it a subject of interest for researchers.<\/p>\n<p>Notably, ginger has been found to exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-allergic properties. These properties hold promise in preventing and managing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer&#8217;s disease, Parkinson&#8217;s disease, and multiple sclerosis.<\/p>\n<p>The bioactive compounds found in ginger, such as gingerols and shogaols, have been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects (amongst others!). Moreover, ginger has demonstrated the ability to modulate cell signaling pathways involved in neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and protein misfolding, which play significant roles in the development of neurodegenerative diseases.<\/p>\n<p>This extensive body of research suggests that ginger could be utilized as a nutraceutical or adjunct therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. By exploring the intricate pathways through which ginger interacts with cells, scientists hope to further uncover its potential health benefits.<\/p>\n<h3>Key Takeaways:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, has caught the attention of scientists due to its potential health benefits.<\/li>\n<li>The bioactive compounds in ginger, such as gingerols and shogaols, have been found to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects.<\/li>\n<li>Ginger has shown promise in preventing and managing neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer&#8217;s disease, Parkinson&#8217;s disease, and multiple sclerosis.<\/li>\n<li>Ginger can modulate cell signaling pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and protein misfolding, which are key factors in the development of neurodegenerative diseases.<\/li>\n<li>Research suggests that ginger has the potential to be used as a nutraceutical or adjunct therapy for neurodegenerative diseases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ginger&#8217;s Mechanisms of Action<\/h3>\n<p>The therapeutic effects of ginger in neurodegenerative and a number of other diseases can be attributed to its ability to modulate cell signaling pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and protein misfolding. Inflammation and oxidative stress are known to contribute to the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, while protein misfolding is a hallmark of conditions such as Alzheimer&#8217;s and Parkinson&#8217;s diseases.<\/p>\n<p>Ginger&#8217;s anti-inflammatory properties can help reduce inflammation in the brain, potentially slowing down the degenerative processes associated with these diseases. Additionally, ginger&#8217;s antioxidant effects can counteract oxidative stress, protecting neurons from damage. Furthermore, ginger has been found to stimulate the formation of synapses, the connections between neurons that are crucial for proper brain function.<\/p>\n<p>For more on Ginger see <a href=\"https:\/\/epigenetichealthfoods.com\/index.php\/2024\/01\/04\/epigenetic-spices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/epigenetichealthfoods.com\/index.php\/2024\/01\/04\/epigenetic-spices\/<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Ginger Bioactive Compounds and Pharmacokinetics:<\/h2>\n<p>Ginger, a natural rhizome known as Zingiber officinale, contains a diverse array of bioactive compounds that have garnered significant attention in scientific research. These compounds, such as gingerols, shogaols, and paradols, have been extensively studied for their pharmacological properties and potential health benefits.<\/p>\n<p>Ginger supplements and extracts are commonly used to enhance the bioavailability of these bioactive compounds. However, it is important to note that the bioavailability of gingerols and their derivatives can be limited due to their poor solubility in water.<\/p>\n<p>Factors including the maturation state, cultivar, environment, and processing steps can all affect the concentration and composition of bioactive compounds found in ginger. Studies have revealed that gingerols and their derivatives may undergo chemical changes during the drying and storage processes, which can impact their stability and pharmacological effects.<\/p>\n<p>Understanding the pharmacokinetics of ginger and its bioactive compounds is essential for maximizing their therapeutic potential. Researchers are actively exploring strategies to improve the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of ginger, such as developing innovative formulations and delivery systems. By advancing our knowledge in this area, we can fully harness the health benefits offered by ginger supplements and extracts.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"sp0020\">Biological activities and Cell Signaling Pathways associated with Bioactive Compounds in Ginger<\/h3>\n<p>(Adapted from <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2020.108486\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kiyama 2020<\/a>)<\/p>\n<div class=\"groups\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"rowsep-1 valign-top\">\n<th scope=\"col\">Function\/pathway<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Bioactive Compound<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Biological activity<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Apoptosis<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Death receptor signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Lee et al., 2014 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0395\" name=\"bbb0395\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0395\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">79<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0FASL-dependent apoptosis<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Shogaol<\/td>\n<td>Pan et al., 2008 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0405\" name=\"bbb0405\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0405\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">81<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Infectious response<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Amri and Touil-Boukoffa, 2016 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0410\" name=\"bbb0410\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0410\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">82<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0p53-dependent apoptosis<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Nigam et al., 2010 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0400\" name=\"bbb0400\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0400\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">80<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Cell cycle\/DNA damage<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0DNA damage response<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Rastogi et al., 2014 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0415\" name=\"bbb0415\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0415\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">83<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0G1\/S cell cycle regulation<\/td>\n<td>[10]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Bernard et al., 2017 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0430\" name=\"bbb0430\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0430\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">86<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0G2\/M DNA damage checkpoint<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Luo et al., 2018 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0425\" name=\"bbb0425\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0425\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">85<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Chromatin\/epigenetic regulation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Epigenetic modulation<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Przystupski et al., 2019 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0595\" name=\"bbb0595\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0595\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">119<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Chromatin structure<\/td>\n<td>Zerumbone<\/td>\n<td>Sobhan et al., 2013 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0445\" name=\"bbb0445\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0445\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">89<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Histone modification<\/td>\n<td>Zerumbone<\/td>\n<td>Singh et al., 2018 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0440\" name=\"bbb0440\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0440\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">88<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Cytoskeletal regulation and adhesion<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Actin function<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Zhong et al., 2019 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0450\" name=\"bbb0450\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0450\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">90<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Cell adhesion<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Lee et al., 2008 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0455\" name=\"bbb0455\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0455\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">91<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Microtubule dynamics<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Shogaol<\/td>\n<td>Ishiguro et al., 2008 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0460\" name=\"bbb0460\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0460\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">92<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Immunology and inflammation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0B-cell development<\/td>\n<td>[8]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Lu et al., 2011 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0480\" name=\"bbb0480\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0480\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">96<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Cytokine response<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Li et al., 2013 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0465\" name=\"bbb0465\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0465\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">93<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Inflammatory response<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Xu et al., 2018 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0470\" name=\"bbb0470\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0470\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">94<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Rheumatoid arthritis<\/td>\n<td>Gingerols<\/td>\n<td>Funk et al., 2009 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0485\" name=\"bbb0485\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0485\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">97<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0T-dependent antibody response<\/td>\n<td>[6]-\/[8]-\/[10]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Bernard et al., 2015 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0490\" name=\"bbb0490\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0490\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">98<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0TLRs-induced immune response<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Chen et al., 2018 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0475\" name=\"bbb0475\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0475\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">95<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Neuroscience<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Alzheimer&#8217;s disease<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Halawany et al., 2017 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0495\" name=\"bbb0495\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">99<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Behavior\/brain metabolism<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Kim et al., 2018 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0500\" name=\"bbb0500\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0500\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">100<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Parkinson&#8217;s disease<\/td>\n<td>Zingerone<\/td>\n<td>Kabuto and Yamanushi, 2011 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0505\" name=\"bbb0505\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0505\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">101<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Cell signaling pathway<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Autophagy<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Ren et al., 2019 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0510\" name=\"bbb0510\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0510\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">102<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Cell survival<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Wang et al., 2016 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0515\" name=\"bbb0515\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0515\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">103<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Cellular metabolism<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0AMPK signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Hashem et al., 2017 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0520\" name=\"bbb0520\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0520\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">104<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0IGF-1 signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Hou et al., 2017 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0530\" name=\"bbb0530\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0530\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">106<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Insulin signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Samad et al., 2017 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0525\" name=\"bbb0525\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0525\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">105<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>MAPK signaling<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0MAPK\/AP-1<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Radhakrishnan et al., 2014 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0540\" name=\"bbb0540\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0540\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">108<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0MAPK\/PKA<\/td>\n<td>[8]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Huang et al., 2013 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0545\" name=\"bbb0545\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">109<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0MAPK\/NF-\u03baB\/ROS<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Li et al., 2017 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0550\" name=\"bbb0550\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0550\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">110<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0MAPK\/mitochondrial apoptosis<\/td>\n<td>[10]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Ryu and Chung, 2015 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0555\" name=\"bbb0555\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0555\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">111<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Other signaling (<\/strong>see <a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#t0015\" name=\"bt0015\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"t0015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">Table 3<\/span><\/a> for ER signaling<strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Angiogenesis signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Kim et al., 2005 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0560\" name=\"bbb0560\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0560\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">112<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0ErbB\/HER signaling<\/td>\n<td>[10]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Fuzer et al., 2017 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0565\" name=\"bbb0565\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0565\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">113<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Nuclear receptor (PPAR\u03b3) signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Misawa et al., 2015 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0570\" name=\"bbb0570\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0570\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">114<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Ubiquitin\/proteasome signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Rastogi et al., 2015 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0420\" name=\"bbb0420\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0420\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">84<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Development and differentiation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Atherogenesis<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Wang et al., 2018 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0575\" name=\"bbb0575\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0575\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">115<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Notch signaling<\/td>\n<td>[10]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Ferri-Lagneau et al., 2019 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0580\" name=\"bbb0580\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">116<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0TGF-\u03b2 signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Kamato et al., 2013 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0585\" name=\"bbb0585\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0585\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">117<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling<\/td>\n<td>[6]-Gingerol<\/td>\n<td>Li and Zhou, 2015 [<a class=\"anchor u-display-inline anchor-paragraph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0955286320305180?via%3Dihub#bb0590\" name=\"bbb0590\" data-sd-ui-side-panel-opener=\"true\" data-xocs-content-type=\"reference\" data-xocs-content-id=\"bb0590\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"anchor-text\">118<\/span><\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"sp1000\"><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about AMPK from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/protein-kinase\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AMPK<\/a>, adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about ER from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology\/estrogen-receptor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ER<\/a>, estrogen receptor;<\/p>\n<p>FASL, <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about Fas ligand from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology\/fas-ligand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fas ligand<\/a>;<\/p>\n<p>HER, <a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about human epidermal growth factor from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/gamma-urogastrone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">human epidermal growth factor<\/a> receptor;<\/p>\n<p>IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about MAPK from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology\/mitogen-activated-protein-kinase\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MAPK<\/a>, mitogen-activated protein kinase;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about mTOR from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/mechanistic-target-of-rapamycin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mTOR<\/a>, mammalian target of rapamycin;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about NO from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology\/nitric-oxide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NO<\/a>, nitric oxide; ROS, reactive oxygen species;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about PI3K from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology\/phosphoinositide-3-kinase\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PI3K<\/a>, phosphoinositide 3-kinase;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about PKA from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/cyclic-amp-dependent-protein-kinase\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PKA<\/a>, protein kinase A;<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about PPAR from ScienceDirect&#039;s AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PPAR<\/a>, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor;<\/p>\n<p>TGF-\u03b2, transforming growth factor \u03b2;<\/p>\n<p>TLR, toll-like receptor.<\/p>\n<h2>Source Links<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.809621\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.809621\/full<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9773837\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9773837\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2020.108486\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2020.108486<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, has gained significant attention in scientific research for its potential health benefits. Packed with bioactive compounds, ginger has been found to possess a range of pharmacological activities, making it a subject of interest for researchers. Notably, ginger has been found to exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":172,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[64,2],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":173,"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171\/revisions\/173"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nrf2activators.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}